Selected Poem - 'The Priesthood'

When, in his 'Life of Mr. George Herbert', Izaak Walton wrote that Herbert was initially reluctant to accept the living at Bemerton, and that he "endured ... spirtual conflicts", he may well have had this poem in mind. Clearly reflecting Herbert's own feelings, and almost certainly written in the late 1620s, it illustrates his deep awareness of a priest's weighty responsibilities.

The Priesthood

Blest Order, which in power dost so excell,
That with th’ one hand thou liftest to the sky,
And with the other throwest down to hell
In thy just censures; fain would I draw nigh,
Fain put thee on, exchanging my lay-sword
For that of th’ holy Word.

But thou art fire, sacred and hallow’d fire;
And I but earth and clay: should I presume
To wear thy habit, the severe attire
My slender compositions might consume.
I am both foul and brittle; much unfit
To deal in holy Writ.

Yet have I often seen, by cunning hand
And force of fire, what curious things are made
Of wretched earth. Where once I scorn’d to stand,
That earth is fitted by the fire and trade
Of skilfull artists, for the boards of those
Who make the bravest shows.

But since those great ones, be they ne’re so great,
Come from the earth, from whence those vessels come;
So that at once both feeder, dish, and meat
Have one beginning and one final summe:
I do not greatly wonder at the sight,
If earth in earth delight.

But th’ holy men of God such vessels are,
As serve him up, who all the world commands:
When God vouchsafeth to become our fare,
Their hands convey him, who conveys their hands.
O what pure things, most pure must those things be,
Who bring my God to me!

Wherefore I dare not, I, put forth my hand
To hold the Ark, although it seems to shake
Through th’ old sinnes and new doctrines of our land.
Onely, since God doth often vessels make
Of lowly matter for high uses meet,
I throw me at his feet.

There will I lie, untill my Maker seek
For some mean stuffe thereon to show his skill:
Then is my time. The distance of the meek
Doth flatter power. Lest good come short of ill
In praising might, the poore do by submission
What pride by opposition.

Commentary

In hoping that her fifth son George would take holy orders, Magdalen Herbert obviously saw in him the devotion and intellect needed to make a success of the priesthood. It is clear that, while at Cambridge, he himself embraced the idea; in a letter of 1617 to his step-father, he writes that he is "now setting foot into Divinity".

In the poem's opening stanza, Herbert recognises that the clergy are in a position of great authority, regardless of their social background. He states quite clearly that he aspires to be of their number. But in the following staza he expresses doubts not only about his worthiness for such a high calling, but also whether it would suit him or affect him adversely - the word 'composition' could be taken to mean either his physical frailness or his poetry, or perhaps both.

And yet, he accepts in the third and fourth stanzas that becoming a priest has a transformative effect, regardless of the social or intellectual standing of those who undertake it. It doesn't surprise him that his God can take human clay of all kinds and mould it into priestly shape. After all, Herbert reasons, God is working with the raw material that He himself created. And he finds the results admirable - 'curious things' made by God's 'cunning hand'.

 

The fifth stanza addresses the role of the clergy in the eucharist, and the importance of the priest's purity in relation to his handling of the communion bread and wine. Faced with this, it seems Herbert is still not convinced of his fitness to enter the priesthood, and he is loath to pursue the idea too strongly; his reference in the sixth stanza to the Biblical story of the danger of touching of the Ark of the Covenant may be a little far-fetched, but it shows his reluctance to take the initiative.

And so, in the final stanza, Herbert concludes that the best thing he can do is to sit back and wait for his God to call him to the priesthood. After all, he argues, there may come a time when God needs to make use of even someone as unworthy as himself, and he suggests that his show of reluctance could perhaps make him a more acceptable proposition in the eyes of God.

This poem seems to be Herbert's reflection on the situation in which he finds himself in his mid-thirties. Academia has lost its attraction, and he realises that he has no prospect of preferrment at court. He is well aware that his late mother had dearly wished him to become a priest but still he hesitates, perhaps hoping (like Mr Micawber) that "something will turn up". And of course, in 1629, something did.

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